TOP 17 types of system in software engineering

 Top 17 Types Of Systems:

The system is classified in different types on the basis of its analysis.

1. Abstract System:

• Abstract system are represented conceptually non-physical systems are called abstract system.
• These systems are prepared for studying the physical system.
• For Example, the computer itself is a physical system and its block diagram is called as abstract system.
• Their system may be formulas, representation or model of real system.

 

2. Physical systems:

• The physical systems are tangible and could be static or dynamic in nature. Static means which do not change as for working or life of the system is concerned. On the other hand, the term dynamic means, system can be change due to processing of the system.
• For example, in compute system hardware parts are static but the data which changes due to processing is dynamic.

 

3. Deterministic system:

• A Deterministic system works in predictable manner.
• A Deterministic system is one in which the occurrence of all events is perfectly predictable. If we get the description of the system state at a particular time, the next state can be easily predicted.
• An example of feministic system is the common entrance examination for entry into IIM.

 

4. Probabilistic System:

• A probabilistic System is one in which the occurrence of events cannot be perfectly predicated.
• Though the behavior of such a system can be described in terms of probability, a certain degree of error is always attached to the prediction of the behavior of the system.
• For example Weather forecasting system is probabilistic.

 

5. Open system:

• An open system is a state of a system, in which a system continuously interacts with its environment.
• It visualizes organizations taking inputs then operations are performed on the input to produce desirable results which are distributed back to the environment.
• For Example: If the high speed printer used with computer system did not have switch to sense whether paper is in the printer.

 

6. Closed System:

• A system which does not interact with the outside environment is known as the closed system i.e. it has no input or output.
• A closed system in one which automatically controls or modifies its own operations by responding to data generated by the system itself.
• A closed system is a system in the estate of being isolated form the environment.
• For example, computer system is a relatively closed system

 

7. Natural system:

• Natural system exist and also bound in nature like rivers, mountains etc., and while artificial systems are manufactured such as dams, canals, roads etc.
• For example, solar system.

 

8. Man-made Information system:

• Generally most of the artificial system is man-made systems.
• The system developed and engineered by human are a man-made system.
• Information system (IS) is man-machine system relatively closed and deterministic system.
• For example, a motor bike is a machine systems relatively close and deterministic system.

 

9. Formal Information System:

• A formal information system is represented by organization chart. The chart is a map of position and their authority relationship, indicated by boxes and connected by straight lines.
• It gives a representation of the different part of system and flow of information in the form of memos, instructions, etc., from top level to lower levels of management.

 
10. Strategic Information system:

• Strategic information system relates to long range planning policies. There are the direct interest of the upper management. Polices are generalization that specify what an organization is going to do.
• For example, financial investment in a company, human resources etc.

 

11. Managerial Information system:

• Managerial information system relates to short and intermediate range planning policies. This is done by the direct interest of middle management and department heads for implementation and control.

 
12. Operational information system:

• Operational information system relates to short term polices. This deals with day-to-day activities like daily employee absence sheets. Purchase orders, current stock available for sale.
• This is an employee based system designed to meet personnel and vocational needs and help work related problem.

 

13. Compute Based information system:

• A computer based information system is an information system that uses computer technology to perform some or all of its intended tasks.
• This system is directly dependent on the computer for managing business applications.
• For example automatic library system, Railway reservation system etc.

 

14. Decision support system:

• Decision support system makes use of analytical planning modules.
• Decision support system mostly used for assisting top-level management in decision making.

 

15. Transaction processing system:

• This is the most fundamental computer based system in an organization. This relates to the processing of business transaction.
• Transaction processing system is targeted at improving the routing business activities. A transaction is any event or activity that affects the whole organization.

 

16. Office automation system:

• Office automation system is among the newest and most rapidly expanding computer based information systems.
• This system is the CBIS that combines various technologies to reduce the manual labor needed to operate an office efficiently used at all levels of an organization.

 
17. Executive Information System:

• This system also called an executive support system. It is made especially for top managers that specifically supports strategic decision making.
• Executive information system contains extensive graphics capabilities. It serves the information needs of top executives.
• Executive information system gives quick and and easy access to detailed information.